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Miniconda is a lightweight version of Anaconda that helps you quickly install Python and various packages, making it more suitable than the full Anaconda for beginners running AI programs.

This tutorial will guide you step-by-step through installing Miniconda on Windows 10 using official download links, setting up a Python 3.10 environment, and installing common modules. Don't worry—even if you're a complete beginner, you can handle this easily!

Step 1: Download and Install Miniconda ​

  1. Download Miniconda

  2. Install Miniconda

    • Double-click the downloaded file to open the installation window.

    • Click "Next," then agree to the license terms by clicking "I Agree."

    • Important: On the "Advanced Options" page, check Add Miniconda3 to my PATH environment variable to enable direct use of conda commands. Otherwise, you may encounter errors like conda is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file.

    • Note: Some systems may warn against adding to PATH, but ignore this and check the box anyway. This is a common pitfall for beginners; skipping it will make commands unusable later.

  • Click "Install," wait a few minutes for completion, then click "Finish."

Step 2: Verify Installation and Create a Python 3.10 Virtual Environment ​

  1. Open Command Prompt (CMD)

    • Press the Windows key + R to open the "Run" dialog.
    • Type cmd and press Enter to open the black command-line window.

  2. Check if Miniconda is Installed Successfully

    • In the command line, type: conda --version
      Press Enter. If you see something like conda 25.1.1, the installation was successful.

If it says "not recognized as an internal or external command," the environment variable wasn't added. Reinstall and check Add Miniconda3 to my PATH environment variable. 3. Create a Python 3.10 Virtual Environment

  • In the command line, type: conda create -n myai python=3.10
  • myai is the environment name and can be anything (e.g., ai_env).
  • After pressing Enter, the system will download Python 3.10 and some base packages. When prompted with "Y/N," type y and press Enter to continue installation.

  1. Activate the Virtual Environment
    • Type: conda activate myai
      Press Enter. If you see (myai) at the beginning of the command line, you've successfully entered the environment.

  1. Common Virtual Environment Commands
    • Exit the environment: Type conda deactivate and press Enter; (myai) will disappear.
    • View all environments: Type conda env list to see a list of your environments.
    • Delete an environment (if no longer needed): Type conda env remove -n myai to remove it.

Step 3: Install Modules and requirements.txt with pip ​

  1. Ensure You're in the Virtual Environment

    • Type conda activate myai and confirm (myai) appears in the command line.

  2. Install a Common Module for Testing

    • For example, install numpy (a math tool needed by many AI programs):
      pip install numpy
      Press Enter. After download and installation, check the version with python -c "import numpy; print(numpy.__version__)".

  3. Install requirements.txt

    • If your AI software provides a requirements.txt file (listing required packages), copy it to a folder (e.g., a new "AIProject" folder on the desktop).
    • Navigate to the folder, delete the address bar content, type cmd, and press Enter to open a terminal window:

  • Then type:
    pip install -r requirements.txt
    Press Enter to automatically install all packages listed in the file.

Step 4: Common pip Commands and Error Handling ​

  1. Common pip Commands

    • Check pip version: pip --version to see if it's up-to-date.
    • Update pip: If the version is old, type pip install --upgrade pip to update.
    • List installed packages: pip list to see what's installed.
    • Uninstall a package: For example, pip uninstall numpy to remove it if not needed.

  2. Common Errors and Solutions

    • Network errors (slow or failed downloads):

  • This may be due to network issues; try again or use a domestic mirror for faster downloads:
    pip install -r requirements.txt -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

  • Permission errors (Access Denied):

    • Run CMD as administrator: Right-click the Start menu, select "Command Prompt (Admin)," and retry the command.

  • Dependency conflicts (version incompatibility):

    • If a package conflict occurs, try updating pip (pip install --upgrade pip) and reinstalling. If it persists, check with the software author for recommended versions.

  • Command not recognized:

    • If pip doesn't work, type python -m ensurepip and python -m pip install --upgrade pip to fix it.

Now Miniconda is installed, the Python 3.10 environment is set up, and you can install any necessary packages. If your AI software has run instructions (e.g., python run.py), enter the corresponding command in the virtual environment (with (myai) visible) and give it a try.